The first book to be photographically printed and illustrated, Photographs of British Algae was published in 1843 and is a landmark in the history of photography.
Title: Rhodomenia Polycarpa. Artist: Anna Atkins (British, 1799–1871) Date: ca. 1853 Medium: Cyanotype
The world of alternative photography has a rich tapestry of techniques, each offering a unique aesthetic and historical intrigue. Among these stands cyanotype, a process immediately recognizable for its captivating Prussian blue tones. But cyanotype's story goes far beyond its visual charm – it's a testament to scientific curiosity and a cornerstone in the evolution of photography itself.
From Astronomical Observations to Artistic Expression: The Birth of Cyanotype
The year is 1842. Sir John Herschel, a renowned astronomer, wasn't seeking to revolutionize photography. His quest was far more practical – to find a light-sensitive solution for copying astronomical observations. Little did he know, his experimentation would lead to the discovery of cyanotype, a photographic process unlike any other.
Herschel's discovery stemmed from his research on light-sensitive iron compounds. He observed that these compounds reacted to light, laying the foundation for the cyanotype process. While not intended for artistic photography, the simplicity and affordability of cyanotype made it a popular choice for scientific and technical applications.
A Legacy Beyond Blueprints: Cyanotype's Diverse Applications
The early days of cyanotype saw its use in creating blueprints, which are essentially cyanotype prints used for architectural plans. This application stuck, solidifying the term "blueprint" in our vocabulary. However, cyanotype's reach extended far beyond blueprints.
Botanists, particularly Anna Atkins, a pioneer in photography, embraced cyanotype for its ability to capture intricate details of plant life. Her book, "Photographs of British Algae: Cyanotype Impressions," published in 1843, is considered the first book illustrated with photographs. This work not only showcases the scientific potential of cyanotype but also its artistic merit.
A Rediscovery and a Renaissance: Cyanotype in the Modern Era
The 20th century saw a decline in the use of cyanotype as more advanced photographic processes emerged. However, the artistic community rediscovered its charm in the latter part of the century. Cyanotype's simplicity, affordability, and unique aesthetic resonated with artists and photographers alike.
Today, cyanotype continues to be a beloved alternative photographic process. Workshops and online tutorials abound, fostering a thriving community of cyanotype enthusiasts. From capturing landscapes and portraits to creating experimental art pieces, cyanotype offers endless creative possibilities.
Cyanotype's story is a testament to the unexpected discoveries that can arise from scientific inquiry. It's a reminder of the beauty and artistry that can be found in the simplest of processes. And perhaps most importantly, it's a testament to the enduring power of a single color – Prussian blue – to capture our imagination and inspire artistic expression for generations to come.
If you are interested in experimenting with cyanotype you should read my Beginner's Guide to Cyanotype Photography article.
Until next time!
